Periodontology is the branch of dentistry that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of the periodontium. The periodontium consists of the gums (gingiva), tooth cementum, bone, and periodontal fibers that connect the cementum to the bone. Its role is to absorb chewing forces, distribute them evenly to the bone, and stabilize the teeth within the jaw.
GINGIVITIS
Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gums (gingiva). Symptoms include bleeding gums and changes in gum color. Healthy gums are light pink and often have a texture resembling the surface of an orange peel, while inflamed gums are typically red and swollen.At the stage of gingivitis, there is no loss of the supporting structures of the teeth, and the condition can be fully treated. Treatment involves professional dental cleaning and enhanced oral hygiene at home.
PERIODONTITIS
After tooth decay, periodontitis is one of humans' most common infectious diseases. It is a condition characterized by the loss of the supporting structures of the teeth. Because pain from periodontitis usually occurs only in the advanced stages of the disease, many patients are unaware they have it, which is why regular dental check-ups are so important. If you notice symptoms such as bleeding gums, bad breath, or loose teeth, it is essential to undergo a periodontal examination to prevent the disease from progressing. Treatment for periodontitis begins with initial therapy, which includes scaling and root planing (a combination of manual and ultrasonic techniques) under local anesthesia. This is followed by the supportive phase, which involves regular check-ups and cleaning of newly formed deposits. During this phase, the patient’s responsibility and discipline in attending follow-ups and maintaining good oral hygiene are crucial.
